Question 1

This question is about ionic bonding. Select all the correct statements.

Ionic bonding...

...is the process that occurs when atoms of a metal each donate one or more electrons to atoms of a non-metal.

...can occur between ions composed completely of non-metals.

...is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

...always produces a giant lattice structure.

Question 2

This question is about the dynamic equilibrium that is established during the Haber Process. Select one answer.

N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) ⇋ 2NH_3(g) ΔH = −92.4 kJmol^-1

When the equilibrium mixture is heated, it...

...shifts in the exothermic direction, towards the reactants.

...shifts in the endothermic direction, towards the products.

...shifts in the exothermic direction, towards the products.

...shifts in the endothermic direction, towards the reactants.

Question 3

This question is about the the electrophilic addition reaction mechanism. Select the option that shows the correct first step for the reaction between ethene and hydrogen bromide.

proposed mechanism shows partially negative hydrogen donating electrons to a double bond

proposed mechanism shows partially positive hydrogen donating electrons to double bond

proposed mechanism shows pi electrons in double bond being donated to partially negative hydrogen atom

proposed mechanism shows pi electrons in double bond being donated to partially positive hydrogen atom

Question 4

This question is about enthalpy changes. Use the data provided to calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of ethane, C₂H₆.

Substance	Δ_cH / kJmol^-1
C_(s)	–393.5
H_2(g)	–285.9
C₂H_6(g)	–1559.8

+84.9 kJmol^-1

–84.9kJmol^-1

+880.4kJmol^-1

–880.4kJmol^-1

Question 5

A student is comparing the boiling points of ethanol, ethanal and ethanoic acid, trying to decide which boils at the highest temperature and which at the lowest. They write the following notes. Tick all of the statements that are correct.

Ethanol

Ethanal

Ethanoic acid

Ethanoic acid has a double C=O bond which increases the boiling point because it takes more energy to break.

Ethanal has the weakest Van der Waals forces.

Molecules of all three compounds experience hydrogen bonding.

Molecules of ethanoic acid experience permanent dipole permanent dipole interactions, which increase its boiling point.

The covalent O−H bond in ethanol is a hydrogen bond.

Question 6

This question is about redox reactions. Select the correct statement.

2MnO₄⁻_(aq) + 5H₂O_2(aq) + 6H⁺_(aq) → 2Mn²⁺_(aq) + 5O_2(g) + 8H₂O_(l))

MnO₄⁻ is...

...the oxidising agent because it gains electrons.

...the oxidising agent because it donates electrons.

...the reducing agent because it gains electrons.

...the reducing agent because it donates electrons.

Question 7

This question is about silicon dioxide. Tick all the correct statements. SiO₂ has a high melting because...

...it has strong intermolecular forces.

...its atoms have full outer shells.

...it has strong forces of attraction between shared pairs of electrons and positive nuclei.

...it has a giant lattice structure.

Question 8

This question is about reactions of alcohols. The diagram shows the display formula of butan-1,3-diol. The compound is refluxed with excess acidified potassium dichromate. Select the main product.

CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CHO

CH₃CH(OH)CH₂COOH

CH₃COCH₂CHO

CH₃COCH₂COOH

Question 9

This question is about polar molecules. Tick all the statements that correctly describe the compounds shown in the diagrams.

3 dimensional diagram of dichloro-difluoromethane

3 dimensional diagram of tetrafluoromethane

Molecules B and C contain polar bonds.

In C the dipoles cancel out.

A is non-polar.

Molecules B and C are polar.

The C−Cl bond is polar because chlorine is significantly more electronegative than carbon.

All three molecules are asymmetrical.

Question 10

This question is about titration. A student prepared 250 cm³ of a solution of NaOH. The student fills a burette with this solution. Next the student adds 25.0 cm³ of H₂SO₄ with a concentration of 0.060 mol dm^-3 to a conical flask. The average titre was 28.2cm³. Calculate what mass of NaOH was dissolved to make up the original 250cm³ solution.

H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

1.06g

1.20g

0.120g

0.266g

Question 11

This question is about naming organic compounds. Select the correct name for the compound shown in the diagram.

display formula of branched alkane with structural formula (CH3)2CHCH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3

2-methyl-4-ethylpentane

2-ethyl-4-methylpentane

2,4-dimethylhexane

3,5-dimethylhexane

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